118 lines
3.8 KiB
Markdown
118 lines
3.8 KiB
Markdown
---
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tags: cheatsheet, terminal, bash, zsh, shortcuts, english
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---
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# Terminal Shortcuts
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## Default shortcuts
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For Ubuntu's default keybinding settings (i.e Emacs keybindings)
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### Insert previous arguments
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- <kbd>Alt</kbd>+<kbd>.</kbd>: insert last argument from last command.
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- <kbd>Alt</kbd>+<kbd>number</kbd>+<kbd>.</kbd>: insert #nth last argument from last command.
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- <kbd>Alt</kbd>+<kbd>-</kbd> , <kbd>number</kbd> , <kbd>Alt</kbd>+<kbd>.</kbd>, **zsh:** <kbd>Alt</kbd>+<kbd>-</kbd>+<kbd>number</kbd>+<kbd>.</kbd>: insert #nth first argument from last command.
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In Linux you can repeat commands to go back in history
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#### Example
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Last command is:
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mv foo bar
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- <kbd>Alt</kbd>+<kbd>0</kbd>+<kbd>.</kbd>: insert first argument of last command = `mv`
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- <kbd>Alt</kbd>+<kbd>2</kbd>+<kbd>.</kbd>: insert last 2nd argument of last command = `foo`
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- <kbd>up</kbd> , <kbd>Ctrl</kbd>+<kbd>w</kbd>: last command without the last word = `mv foo`
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### Cut/Paste commands
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(relative to cursor's position)
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- <kbd>Ctrl</kbd>+<kbd>w</kbd>: cuts last word
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- <kbd>Alt</kbd>+<kbd>d</kbd>: cuts next word
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- <kbd>Ctrl</kbd>+<kbd>k</kbd>: cuts everything after
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- <kbd>Ctrl</kbd>+<kbd>u</kbd>, **zsh:** <kbd>Alt</kbd>+<kbd>w</kbd>: cuts everything before
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- **zsh:** <kbd>Ctrl</kbd>+<kbd>u</kbd>: cuts the entire command *(In bash you can combine <kbd>Ctrl</kbd>+<kbd>u</kbd> , <kbd>Ctrl</kbd>+<kbd>k</kbd>)*
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- <kbd>Ctrl</kbd>+<kbd>y</kbd>: paste characters previously cut with any **Cut command**. *In bash you can chain **cut commands**, and <kbd>Ctrl</kbd>+<kbd>y</kbd> will paste them all.*
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### Move cursor
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- <kbd>Ctrl</kbd>+<kbd>left</kbd>: move to last word
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- <kbd>Ctrl</kbd>+<kbd>right</kbd>: move to next word
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- <kbd>home</kbd> or <kbd>Ctrl</kbd>+<kbd>a</kbd>: move to start of command
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- <kbd>end</kbd> or <kbd>Ctrl</kbd>+<kbd>e</kbd>: move to end of command
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### Other
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- <kbd>Ctrl</kbd>+<kbd>_</kbd>: undo last edit *(very useful when exceeding <kbd>Ctrl</kbd>+<kbd>w</kbd>)*
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### To see all shortcuts available
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- **bash:** `bind -lp`
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- **zsh:** `bindkey -L`
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## Custom shortcuts
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### Iterate through arguments
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only works in zsh, and probably only Linux
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#### Description
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Insert any argument of a previous command by iterating one by one until selection
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#### Setup Instructions
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run this:
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autoload -Uz copy-earlier-word
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zle -N copy-earlier-word
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bindkey "^[:" copy-earlier-word
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*(to make this permanent, add it to your `~/.zshrc` and restart shell)*
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Now use <kbd>Alt</kbd>+<kbd>.</kbd> to go as back as you want, then use <kbd>Alt</kbd>+<kbd>:</kbd> to iterate through the arguments
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#### Example
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Last command is
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echo 1 2 3 4 5
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- <kbd>Alt</kbd>+<kbd>.</kbd>: `5`
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- <kbd>Alt</kbd>+<kbd>.</kbd>+<kbd>:</kbd>: `4`
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- <kbd>Alt</kbd>+<kbd>.</kbd>+<kbd>:</kbd>+<kbd>:</kbd>: `3`
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- <kbd>Alt</kbd>+<kbd>.</kbd>+<kbd>:</kbd>+<kbd>:</kbd>+<kbd>:</kbd>: `2`
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- <kbd>Alt</kbd>+<kbd>.</kbd>+<kbd>:</kbd>+<kbd>:</kbd>+<kbd>:</kbd>+<kbd>:</kbd>: `1`
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- <kbd>Alt</kbd>+<kbd>.</kbd>+<kbd>:</kbd>+<kbd>:</kbd>+<kbd>:</kbd>+<kbd>:</kbd>+<kbd>:</kbd>: `echo`
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source: <https://stackoverflow.com/a/34861762/3163120>
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## Other examples
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### Common usecases
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Let's consider the last command to be:
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mv foo bar
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<kbd>up</kbd> , <kbd>Ctrl</kbd>+<kbd>w</kbd>: last command without the last word = `mv foo`
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<kbd>Alt</kbd>+<kbd>0</kbd>+<kbd>.</kbd>: first argument of last command = `mv`
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## Limitations
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"words" only includes `a-zA-Z` characters, so any symbol character will stop word-shortcuts.
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So if last argument was a url and you want to erase it with <kbd>Ctrl</kbd>+<kbd>w</kbd> it will be a pain.
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E.g: `curl -I --header "Connection: Keep-Alive" https://stackoverflow.com/questions/38176514/re-run-previous-command-with-different-arguments`
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To erase that **url** using <kbd>Ctrl</kbd>+<kbd>w</kbd>, you'd have to repeat it 12 times.
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---
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It would be great to have similar shortcuts that only stops at the **space character**
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